In the thesis an innovative on-board maintenance management system (MMS) of mobile systems has been developed, which allows a condition based maintenance. The comprehensive system approach considers the technical, economic and user-specific requirements of the maintenance of mobile systems. In order to realize the technical requirements methods of diagnosis, condition monitoring and usage prediction, which are integrated in the component layer of the on-board MMS, are used. The following scheduling layer allows a computer-based scheduling based on the actual maintenance demands as well as the economic and user-specific requirements. The scheduling component is a decision and scheduling system, and co-ordinates the maintenance of the mobile system according to defined rules and instructions. Communication with the driver, the workshop or the service headquarters occurs through integrated on-/off-board interfaces. With these interfaces different maintenance services and functions can be offered. By means of concrete application examples the single components of the maintenance management system are displayed. In life-cycle simulations the influence of the developed scheduling component as well as the economic and technical advantages are presented.